The numbers on the front of the fertilizer package (i.e., 10-10-10 or 28-3-3) indicate the percentage of primary nutrients — nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium — in the bag.

The first number represents nitrogen (N), which is the primary nutrient for growth and greening.

The second number, phosphorus (P), aids in root development and strengthens the plant. Used correctly, this nutrient is very beneficial. However, there have been environmental concerns around misused phosphorus impacting lakes, rivers and bays. As with all fertilizers, please follow the instructions and use the product responsibly.

The third number, potassium (K), strengthens plants against stresses such as cold temperatures, drought and disease.